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71.
The transient response of a central crack in an orthotropic strip under the in-plane shear impact loading is studied by using
the dual integral equation method proposed by Copson and Sih. The general formula for the shear stress intensity factor
near the crack tip is derived. Numerical results of
with
in various cases are obtained by solving the second kind Fredholm integral equation and by performing the inverse Laplace
transform. 相似文献
72.
We have performed computational shock-physics simulations of the hypervelocity (60 km/s) impact of 1–3 km, water-ice spheres entering a hydrogen-helium Jovian atmosphere. These conditions simulate the best current estimates for the collision of fragments of periodic comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter in July, 1994. We used the Eulerian shock-physics code CTH, and its parallel version PCTH to perform 2-D analyses of penetration and breakup, and 3-D analyses of the growth of the resulting fireball during the first 100 seconds after fragment entry. We can use our simulations to make specific predictions of the time interval between fragment entry and fireball arrival into line-of-sight from the earth. For a fragment larger than about 1 km, we believe that the time of fireball arrival above Jupiter's limb will be directly observable from earth. Measurements of this time by observers, in conjunction with our simulations, may allow mass of cometary fragments to be determined.This article was processed using Springer-Verlag TEX Shock Waves macro package 1.0 and the AMS fonts, developed by the American Mathematical Society. 相似文献
73.
简要阐述了作者对有关环境地质学的一些基本问题的见解,包括;环境地质与地质环境的科学涵义;环境地质学与相关学科的关系;地质环境保护在整个环境保护中的应有地位;地质灾害的形成步骤及其防治途径;环境地质学的亟待完善领域等。同时也涉及整个环境科学的一些问题。 相似文献
74.
泥石流风险及沟谷泥石流风险度评价 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
风险一词虽然已经广泛被科学家和经济学家所使用 ,但涉及到自然灾害的风险研究则还是 2 0世纪 80年代中后期的事。国内有关泥石流风险的探讨 ,更是 2 0世纪 90年代才初见端倪。国际上 ,泥石流风险评价至今仍然是前沿探索性领域和新兴的研究课题。基于联合国对自然灾害风险的定义及其定量表达 ,本文给出了泥石流“风险度 =危险度×易损度”这一数学命题的近似解。讨论了风险分级和不同风险等级的分布概率以及风险指南。以云南东川因民矿区黑山沟泥石流为例 ,对单沟泥石流风险度评价模型进行了示范应用 相似文献
75.
76.
In this paper a basic, easily to multi-contact problems extendable, non-smooth approach is applied to analyze a bar striking an inelastic half-space. Coulomb contact is assumed and modeled by using set-valued Newtonian impact laws in normal as well as in tangential direction. The resulting linear complementarity problem contains all possible impact states and provides an instantaneous collision operator that respects all inequality constraints. This operator depends on the orientation of the bar and determines uniquely the post-impact velocities as functions of the pre-impact state. Different types of solutions may occur, including “stick’’ and “slip’’. In this context, stick and slip have to be understood as the two cases characterized by the tangential impulsive force as an element of either the set-valued or of the single-valued domain of the friction law. Depending on the choice of parameters, sign reversal of the tangential contact velocity is possible. For certain inertia properties and initial conditions, the collision operator yields an impact, even for initially vanishing normal contact velocity. This phenomenon is well known as the Painlevé paradox. The results obtained by this fully non-smooth rigid body approach are compared with those of other impact models, such as a lumped mass model with compliance elements, and a collision operator used for particle interactions in flows.AMR: 160A, 160B, 160Y, 292B, 292Y 相似文献
77.
颅脑受撞击时的动态光弹性应力分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对模拟人颅脑的矢状面、冠状面光弹性模型,在5个不同位置分别施加相同的撞击载荷,获得了应力波在其中的传播和分布规律,给出了应力集中的部位及其数值,为分析颅脑损伤机理提供了若干实验依据。 相似文献
78.
Both experimental and finite element model (FEM) results are presented for the dynamic strength behavior of windshield subjected
to bird impact. The experimental data taken from a series of high speed photographs are compared with the numerical results
predicted by using FEM in which the windshield was modeled entirely with solid elements and the bird body was approximately
simulated by an elastic-plastic material with failure element behavior. Effective plastic strain and element pressure were
adopted as the failure criteria and once the pressure or the effective plastic strain of an element reached the critical value,
the element would lose the tensile resistance capability completely. The deflection and stress distribution in the windshield
were obtained. It is shown that the result from the finite element analysis agrees with those from the full-scale bird impact
test.
The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10272011) 相似文献
79.
80.
圆柱壳的动态塑性屈曲问题的研究主要是集中在屈曲模态方面,至于屈曲的临介载荷与临介时时间则研究的较少,SHPB用于研究材料在高应变率下动态力学性能已为大家所熟悉,但用于研究结构的动态屈曲则未见报道,本文利用一装置对柱壳的动态塑性屈曲进行了实验研究,测出了壳体屈曲过程的载荷,轴向缩短量与时间的关系曲线,得到屈曲时的临介载荷与临介时间,同时发现壳体屈曲变形的一些规律并与静态实验的结果进行了比较,为理论分 相似文献